實際業(yè)務(wù)開發(fā)過程中,業(yè)務(wù)邏輯可能非常復(fù)雜,核心業(yè)務(wù) + N個子業(yè)務(wù)。如果都放到一塊兒去做,代碼可能會很長,耦合度不斷攀升,維護起來也麻煩,甚至頭疼。還有一些業(yè)務(wù)場景不需要在一次請求中同步完成,比如郵件發(fā)送、短信發(fā)送等。
MQ 確實可以解決這個問題,但 MQ 重啊,非必要不提升架構(gòu)復(fù)雜度。針對這些問題,我們了解一下 Spring Event。
Spring Event 同步使用
Spring Event(Application Event)其實就是一個觀察者設(shè)計模式,一個 Bean 處理完成任務(wù)后希望通知其它 Bean 或者說一個 Bean 想觀察監(jiān)聽另一個Bean 的行為。
Spring Event 用來解耦業(yè)務(wù)真的賊好用!
Demo 地址:https://gitee.com/csps/mingyue-springboot-learning
1.自定義事件
定義事件,繼承?ApplicationEvent?的類成為一個事件類
import?lombok.Data; import?lombok.ToString; import?org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent; /** ?*?@author?Strive ?*?@date?2022/4/22?18:00 ?*?@description ?*/ @Data @ToString public?class?OrderProductEvent?extends?ApplicationEvent?{ ??/**?該類型事件攜帶的信息?*/ ??private?String?orderId; ??public?OrderProductEvent(Object?source,?String?orderId)?{ ????super(source); ????this.orderId?=?orderId; ??} }
2.定義監(jiān)聽器
監(jiān)聽并處理事件,實現(xiàn)?ApplicationListener?接口或者使用?@EventListener?注解
import?com.csp.mingyue.event.events.OrderProductEvent; import?lombok.SneakyThrows; import?lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import?org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener; import?org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** ?*?實現(xiàn)?ApplicationListener?接口,并指定監(jiān)聽的事件類型 ?* ?*?@author?Strive ?*?@date?2022/4/24?09:09 ?*?@description ?*/ @Slf4j @Component public?class?OrderProductListener?implements?ApplicationListener?{ ??/**?使用?onApplicationEvent?方法對消息進行接收處理?*/ ??@SneakyThrows ??@Override ??public?void?onApplicationEvent(OrderProductEvent?event)?{ ????String?orderId?=?event.getOrderId(); ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????Thread.sleep(2000); ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????log.info("{}:校驗訂單商品價格耗時:({})毫秒",?orderId,?(end?-?start)); ??} }
3.定義發(fā)布者
發(fā)布事件,通過?ApplicationEventPublisher?發(fā)布事件
import?com.csp.mingyue.event.events.OrderProductEvent; import?lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor; import?lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import?org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import?org.springframework.stereotype.Service; /** ?*?@author?Strive ?*?@date?2022/4/24?09:25 ?*?@description ?*/ @Slf4j @Service @RequiredArgsConstructor public?class?OrderService?{ ??/**?注入ApplicationContext用來發(fā)布事件?*/ ??private?final?ApplicationContext?applicationContext; ??/** ???*?下單 ???* ???*?@param?orderId?訂單ID ???*/ ??public?String?buyOrder(String?orderId)?{ ????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????//?1.查詢訂單詳情 ????//?2.檢驗訂單價格?(同步處理) ????applicationContext.publishEvent(new?OrderProductEvent(this,?orderId)); ????//?3.短信通知(異步處理) ????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis(); ????log.info("任務(wù)全部完成,總耗時:({})毫秒",?end?-?start); ????return?"購買成功"; ??} }
4.單測執(zhí)行
import?org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import?org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import?org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; /** ?*?@author?Strive ?*?@date?2022/4/24?09:28 ?*?@description ?*/ @SpringBootTest public?class?OrderServiceTest?{ ??@Autowired?private?OrderService?orderService; ??@Test ??public?void?buyOrderTest()?{ ????orderService.buyOrder("732171109"); ??} }
執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下:
2022-04-24?10:13:17.535??INFO?44272?---?[???????????main]?c.c.m.e.listener.OrderProductListener????:?732171109:校驗訂單商品價格耗時:(2008)毫秒 2022-04-24?10:13:17.536??INFO?44272?---?[?????????? main] c.c.mingyue.event.service.OrderService ??:?任務(wù)全部完成,總耗時:(2009)毫秒
Spring Event 異步使用
有些業(yè)務(wù)場景不需要在一次請求中同步完成,比如郵件發(fā)送、短信發(fā)送等。
1.自定義事件
import?lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import?lombok.Data;
/**
?*?@author?Strive
?*?@date?2022/4/24?10:18
?*?@description
?*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public?class?MsgEvent?{
??/**?該類型事件攜帶的信息?*/
??public?String?orderId;
}
2.定義監(jiān)聽器
推薦使用?@EventListener?注解
import?com.csp.mingyue.event.events.MsgEvent;
import?lombok.SneakyThrows;
import?lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import?org.springframework.context.event.EventListener;
import?org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
?*?@author?Strive
?*?@date?2022/4/24?10:20
?*?@description
?*/
@Slf4j
@Component
public?class?MsgListener?{
??@SneakyThrows
??@EventListener(MsgEvent.class)
??public?void?sendMsg(MsgEvent?event)?{
????String?orderId?=?event.getOrderId();
????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????log.info("開發(fā)發(fā)送短信");
????log.info("開發(fā)發(fā)送郵件");
????Thread.sleep(4000);
????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????log.info("{}:發(fā)送短信、郵件耗時:({})毫秒",?orderId,?(end?-?start));
??}
}
3.定義發(fā)布者
/**
??*?下單
??*
??*?@param?orderId?訂單ID
??*/
public?String?buyOrder(String?orderId)?{
????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????//?1.查詢訂單詳情
????//?2.檢驗訂單價格?(同步處理)
????applicationContext.publishEvent(new?OrderProductEvent(this,?orderId));
????//?3.短信通知(異步處理)
????applicationContext.publishEvent(new?MsgEvent(orderId));
????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????log.info("任務(wù)全部完成,總耗時:({})毫秒",?end?-?start);
????return?"購買成功";
}
4.單測執(zhí)行(同步)
@Test
public?void?buyOrderTest()?{
????orderService.buyOrder("732171109");
}
執(zhí)行結(jié)果如下:
2022-04-24?10:24:13.905??INFO?54848?---?[???????????main]?c.c.m.e.listener.OrderProductListener????:?732171109:校驗訂單商品價格耗時:(2004)毫秒 2022-04-24?10:24:13.906??INFO?54848?---?[???????????main]?c.c.mingyue.event.listener.MsgListener???:?開發(fā)發(fā)送短信 2022-04-24?10:24:13.907??INFO?54848?---?[???????????main]?c.c.mingyue.event.listener.MsgListener???:?開發(fā)發(fā)送郵件 2022-04-24?10:24:17.908??INFO?54848?---?[???????????main]?c.c.mingyue.event.listener.MsgListener???:?732171109:發(fā)送短信、郵件耗時:(4002)毫秒 2022-04-24?10:24:17.908??INFO?54848?---?[?????????? main] c.c.mingyue.event.service.OrderService ??:?任務(wù)全部完成,總耗時:(6008)毫秒
5.開啟異步
啟動類增加?@EnableAsync?注解
@EnableAsync
@SpringBootApplication
public?class?MingYueSpringbootEventApplication?{
??public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?{
????SpringApplication.run(MingYueSpringbootEventApplication.class,?args);
??}
}
Listener?類需要開啟異步的方法增加?@Async?注解
@Async
@SneakyThrows
@EventListener(MsgEvent.class)
public?void?sendMsg(MsgEvent?event)?{
????String?orderId?=?event.getOrderId();
????long?start?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????log.info("開發(fā)發(fā)送短信");
????log.info("開發(fā)發(fā)送郵件");
????Thread.sleep(4000);
????long?end?=?System.currentTimeMillis();
????log.info("{}:發(fā)送短信、郵件耗時:({})毫秒",?orderId,?(end?-?start));
}
6.單測執(zhí)行(異步)
發(fā)送短信的線程顯示?task-1,主線程結(jié)束后(總耗時:(2017)毫秒)控制臺停止打印了
2022-04-24?10:30:59.002??INFO?59448?---?[???????????main]?c.c.m.e.listener.OrderProductListener????:?732171109:校驗訂單商品價格耗時:(2009)毫秒 2022-04-24?10:30:59.009??INFO?59448?---?[?????????? main] c.c.mingyue.event.service.OrderService ??:?任務(wù)全部完成,總耗時:(2017)毫秒 2022-04-24?10:30:59.028??INFO?59448?---?[?????????task-1]?c.c.mingyue.event.listener.MsgListener???:?開發(fā)發(fā)送短信 2022-04-24?10:30:59.028??INFO?59448?---?[?????????task-1]?c.c.mingyue.event.listener.MsgListener???:?開發(fā)發(fā)送郵件
? 編輯:黃飛
?
?
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