開發(fā)能量收集功率預(yù)算的建議

　　利用能源收集（EH）的所有操作電源的數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)越來(lái)越受歡迎，由功率管理、能量存儲(chǔ)、數(shù)據(jù)處理、傳感器接口和無(wú)線無(wú)線電鏈路等極低功率組件組合而成。

　　然而，設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)可行的能量收集系統(tǒng)是困難的，不僅需要大量使用節(jié)能組件。它需要仔細(xì)規(guī)劃、分析操作序列和時(shí)序以及理解權(quán)衡，因?yàn)榇嬖趦煞N不同的、異步的、不相關(guān)的過(guò)程。首先，收集和儲(chǔ)存能量隨機(jī)團(tuán)塊（焦耳或腰臀比），這主要是一個(gè)隨機(jī)過(guò)程；然后，支出的能量通過(guò)一套時(shí)間表，大多在短時(shí)間的功率（W）、速度的能源使用。當(dāng)然，所使用的總能量必須小于你積累的能量，而峰值功率的需求必須在系統(tǒng)交付的能力之內(nèi)。

　　How much energy， anyway？

　　It is simplistic but misleading to think that using harvested power as a source is obtaining “something for almost nothing.” First， both the amount of energy impinging on the transducer， and the amount it can actually produce is low， even if 100% efficient.

　　Second， the reality is that not only are most such sources sporadic， but also the transducers are very inefficient at converting the impinging energy into electrical energy， and this does not take into account losses within the electronics themselves. Generally， less than 10% of the energy reaching the transducer actually ends up in an energy-harvesting battery or supercapacitor for later use， whether the energy is from wind， solar， vibration， sound， RF， or thermal transducers. Table 1 shows some sample numbers. （Note： These are just order-of-magnitude approximations.）