迎接設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)能量收集背包的挑戰(zhàn)

　　一個(gè)能量收集背包的想法已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間了。第一次嘗試設(shè)計(jì)一種僅依靠人類運(yùn)動(dòng)的能量是由Larry Rome于2005在賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)進(jìn)行的。羅馬的研究主要集中在肌肉的設(shè)計(jì)及其在運(yùn)動(dòng)中的應(yīng)用。他關(guān)于動(dòng)物運(yùn)動(dòng)背后的生理學(xué)的研究促使羅馬思考簡(jiǎn)單行走中的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律是彈簧質(zhì)量振蕩的一個(gè)很好的輸入。他為自己設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)的翻譯質(zhì)量的垂直運(yùn)動(dòng)的旋轉(zhuǎn)軸與齒條和齒輪組。羅馬的能量傳感器是一臺(tái)簡(jiǎn)單的發(fā)電機(jī)。

　　從那時(shí)起，可穿戴式能源清除裝置的大部分動(dòng)力來(lái)自軍方。2007、國(guó)防研究與工程主任推出可穿戴電源獎(jiǎng)（WPP）程序，首次三軍，獲獎(jiǎng)的研發(fā)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。美國(guó)國(guó)防部希望利用獎(jiǎng)金激勵(lì)設(shè)計(jì)者創(chuàng)造一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，可以減輕或消除電池供電所需的電池內(nèi)容，以支持二十一世紀(jì)步兵的電子產(chǎn)品。一位國(guó)防部發(fā)言人說(shuō)，在宣布這項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)金時(shí)，“我們地面行動(dòng)的一個(gè)更大的限制就是可用的力量”。根據(jù)軍方使用的數(shù)字，更換電池每小時(shí)可節(jié)省約10克的質(zhì)量。

　　With energy harvesting still an emerging field at the time， the DoD prize was announced. Early Wearable Power Prizes went to designs based on fuel cells. Now it is not hard to imagine that future designs will depend on energy scavenging to meet the infantry soldier’s needs for powering portable gear， since renewable sources of electricity are plentiful， even on the battlefield. Like Larry Rome， other researchers have explored using an oscillating mass concept as the heart of the backpack system since it offers a very high power output and can be designed into the backpack frame to avoid displacing too much cargo volume. However， the wearer must be walking in order to scavenge the energy of the motion， a scheme that will not be effective when the wearer is standing still （or hunkered down to keep out of the line of fire）。