電源產(chǎn)品中經(jīng)常用到鋁電解電容，他的壽命往往決定了整個(gè)產(chǎn)品的壽命。因此，了解如何計(jì)算鋁電解電容的壽命很有必要。下面將我的一些心得整理出來，供大家參考。希望有助于提高國人的知識(shí)水平。說白了很簡(jiǎn)單，只不過很多人找不到相關(guān)的資料而已。同時(shí)也希望學(xué)校的教材中能夠近早講解相關(guān)知識(shí)。我盡量少翻譯，因?yàn)槲业恼Z言能力及相關(guān)的專業(yè)術(shù)語還不行。僅供參考。

Chapter 1鋁電解電容的特性
1.1 Circuit model （等效模型）
The following circuit models the aluminium electrolytic capacitor’s normal operation as well as the over voltage and reverse voltage behavior. （此模型包含正常運(yùn)行，過壓，反壓時(shí)的特性）
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D?= Anode capacitance (陽極電容)
= Cathode capacitance(陰極電容)
= Parallel resistance, due to dielectric (并聯(lián)電阻)
= Series resistance, as a result of connections, paper, electrolyte, ect. 等效串聯(lián)電阻
= Winding inductance and connections 等效串聯(lián)電感
= Over and reverse voltage 等效穩(wěn)壓管

The capacitance Ca and Cc are the capacitance of the capacitor and is frequency and temperature depended. （Ca and Cc，它的容量是頻率及溫度的函數(shù)）
The resistance ESR is the equivalent series resistance which is frequency and temperature depended. It also increases with the rated voltage. （ESR是頻率及溫度的函數(shù)，隨著額定電壓的增加而增加）
The inductance L is the equivalent series inductance, and it’s independent for both frequency and temperature. It increases with terminal spacing. （L是頻率及溫度的函數(shù)）
The resistance Rp is the equivalent parallel resistance and accounts for leakage current in the capacitor. It decreases with increasing the capacitance, temperature and voltage and it increases with time. （Rp的大小決定了漏電流的大小，隨著容量溫度電壓的增加而降低，隨著使用時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)而增加）
The zener diode D models the over voltage and reverse voltage behavior. Application of over voltage on the order of 50 V beyond the capacitor’s surge voltage rating causes high。（D模擬過壓及加反向電壓時(shí)特性）
Leakage current and a constant voltage-operating mode quite like the reverse conduction of a zenerdiode. Applications of reverse voltage much beyond 1.5 V causes high leakage current quite like the forward conduction of a diode. Neither of these operating modes can be maintained for long because hydrogen gas is produced, and the pressure built up will cause failure. （加到電容兩端的反向電壓不能大于1.5V）