針對電氣化鐵道牽引供電系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)，論述了電氣化鐵道諧波對電力系統(tǒng)造成的危
害和牽引供電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行諧波抑制的必要性。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)對電氣化鐵道諧波的實(shí)時(shí)檢測和補(bǔ)償,該文提出了一種用于有源電力濾波器任意指定次諧波的檢測方法。這種有源電力濾波器由選擇性諧波檢測環(huán)節(jié)和電流控制環(huán)節(jié)組成。為了補(bǔ)償數(shù)字控制器和逆變器帶來的延時(shí)，在檢測環(huán)節(jié)中加入了延遲時(shí)間補(bǔ)償角。電流閉環(huán)控制使得實(shí)際補(bǔ)償電流精確地跟蹤檢測出的諧波指令電流。利用MATLAB提供的SIMULINK 仿真平臺對該方案進(jìn)行了仿真，仿真結(jié)果表明所提出的電氣化鐵道諧波補(bǔ)償方案有明顯的效果，這對于提高牽引變電站的供電可靠性和電氣化鐵道的安全可靠運(yùn)行起到了非常重要的作用。
關(guān)鍵詞：電氣化鐵道；交通安全；諧波污染；電能質(zhì)量
Abstract: This thesis explores the harm to the power system done by electric railway and the
necessity of restraining harmonic of traction power supply system aiming at its characteristic. In order to detect and compensate for harmonic waves at real time, this thesis provides a selective harmonic detection method for active power filters. It is made up of selective harmonic detecting circuit and current controlling circuit. In order to compensate the time lag brought by digital controllers and inverters, an offset angle is added to the detecting circuit. The actual compensating current will track the detected harmonic instruction accurately because of closed-loop control.
After being simulated by simulating platform SIMULINK provided by MATLAB, it shows that
the harmonic compensating plan of electric railway is apparently effective, and it plays an
important role in enhancing the reliability of transformer station and the operating security of
electric railway.
Key words: electric railway; traffic security; harmonics pollution; power quality