《智慧牧場(chǎng)之生物姿態(tài)檢測(cè)篇》

《智慧牧場(chǎng)之生物心率檢測(cè)篇》

1.1牧場(chǎng)定位的意義

在智慧牧場(chǎng)解決方案中，實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)牲畜的活動(dòng)狀況是非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)?，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不是放牛和牧羊犬的時(shí)代了。面臨大范圍牧場(chǎng)上牲畜走失，尋找困難，過(guò)度放牧導(dǎo)致草場(chǎng)退化等問(wèn)題，通過(guò)穿戴式的生物跟蹤部件，可以有效解決以上的問(wèn)題。

當(dāng)大量牲畜散布在地面上時(shí)，牧場(chǎng)管理員往往發(fā)現(xiàn)很難跟蹤正在發(fā)生的事情。需要一個(gè)系統(tǒng)來(lái)確定牲畜在任何給定時(shí)間的位置和行駛的距離。此外，跟蹤系統(tǒng)也會(huì)防止任何類型的盜竊，因?yàn)槟翀?chǎng)管理員可以使用跟蹤報(bào)告來(lái)定位被盜牲畜。

1.2室外定位技術(shù)比較

目前的室外定位技術(shù)，大體上分為如下幾種類別：

基于GPS和GSM的定位在全世界被廣泛使用，可以用來(lái)確定其所連接生物的精確位置。這種器件成本低、可靠性高，并具有精確跟蹤功能。可以提供有效、實(shí)時(shí)的物體、生物的位置報(bào)告和時(shí)間信息。

該方案采用基于全球移動(dòng)通信系統(tǒng)（GSM）技術(shù)和GPS技術(shù)的嵌入式系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)安裝在生物穿戴設(shè)備中。接口GSM模塊連接到Hi3861。該系統(tǒng)提供以下功能：a）位置信息，b）使用短信進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)跟蹤。

3.1SIM808模塊調(diào)制解調(diào)器模塊

可以選用GSM、GPRS、GPS三合一功能的SIM808模塊。支持GSM/GPRS Quad-Band網(wǎng)絡(luò)，結(jié)合GPS技術(shù)進(jìn)行衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航。它具有睡眠模式下的超低功耗，并集成了鋰離子電池充電電路，使其具有超長(zhǎng)的待機(jī)時(shí)間，方便使用可充電鋰離子電池的項(xiàng)目。它具有高 GPS 接收靈敏度，具有 22 個(gè)跟蹤和 66 個(gè)采集接收器通道。模塊通過(guò) UART（編者注：Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter 通用異步接收器/發(fā)送器的英文縮寫） 由 AT 指令控制，支持 3.3V 和 5V 邏輯電平。

GSM調(diào)制解調(diào)器的工作基于命令，命令始終以“AT開(kāi)頭”（表示注意），以“＜CR＞字符結(jié)束”，例如撥號(hào)命令是ATD＜number＞；ATD7814629081；這里，撥號(hào)命令以分號(hào)（；）結(jié)束。在Hi3861的幫助下，該AT命令被提供給GSM調(diào)制解調(diào)器。GSM調(diào)制解調(diào)器在MAX 232 IC的幫助下與微控制器串行連接。GSM指定的頻率范圍為1850到1990 MHz（移動(dòng)臺(tái)到基站）。

3.2 Hi3861

Hi3861開(kāi)發(fā)板模組大小約2cm*5cm，是一款高度集成的2.4GHz WLAN SoC。

Hi3861芯片集成高性能32bit微處理器、擁有豐富的外設(shè)接口，芯片內(nèi)置SRAM(編者注：Static Random-Access Memory 靜態(tài)隨機(jī)存取存儲(chǔ)器的英文縮寫)和Flash，并支持在Flash上運(yùn)行程序。

Hi3861模組有2MB FLASH，352KB RAM。但我們編寫代碼時(shí)，要注意對(duì)有限資源的合理利用。

Hi3861可以說(shuō)是麻雀雖小，五臟俱全。Hi3861的外設(shè)接口包括(外部主晶振為40M或者24M)：

• 2個(gè)SPI(Synchronous Peripheral Interface)

• 3個(gè)UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver & Transmitter)

• 2個(gè)I2C(The Inter-Integrated Circuit)

• 6路PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)

• 15個(gè)GPIO(General Purpose Input/Output)

• 7路ADC(Analog to Digital Converter)

• 1個(gè)I2S接口

• 1個(gè)高速SDIO2.0(Secure Digital Input/Output)接口，最高時(shí)鐘可達(dá)50MHz;

Hi3861主控功能框架圖如下：

在該系統(tǒng)中，它用于同步GSM和GPS的操作。GPS連續(xù)向微控制器發(fā)送位置數(shù)據(jù)，即車輛位置的緯度和經(jīng)度，而GSM從微控制器發(fā)送和接收數(shù)據(jù)。GPS調(diào)制解調(diào)器連續(xù)提供許多參數(shù)作為輸出，但只有NMEA（編者注：National Marine Electronics Association國(guó)家海洋電子協(xié)會(huì)的英文縮寫）數(shù)據(jù)被讀取并“顯示在OLED上”。將相同的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送給移動(dòng)用戶，以便可以知道車輛的確切位置。用戶的移動(dòng)號(hào)碼存儲(chǔ)在EEPROM（編者注：Electrically Erasable Programmable read only memory 帶電可擦可編程只讀存儲(chǔ)器 的英文縮寫）中。

軟件編程是用C語(yǔ)言完成的。GPS從衛(wèi)星接收的數(shù)據(jù)（坐標(biāo)）在軟件中定義。解碼NMEA（國(guó)家海洋電子協(xié)會(huì)）協(xié)議是開(kāi)發(fā)該軟件的主要目的。軟件程序中應(yīng)包含用戶的手機(jī)號(hào)碼，以便從我們?cè)贕SM調(diào)制解調(diào)器中使用的SIM卡接收位置值。NMEA協(xié)議由一組ASCII字符集的消息組成。GPS接收數(shù)據(jù)并以ASCII逗號(hào)分隔的消息字符串的形式顯示。$'在每條消息的開(kāi)頭使用符號(hào)。位置（緯度和經(jīng)度）的格式為ddmm。mmmm（度數(shù)分鐘和十進(jìn)制分鐘）。軟件協(xié)議由GGA（編者注：Global Positioning System Fix Data 全球定位系統(tǒng)固定數(shù)據(jù)）和GLL（編者注：Geographic Position 地理位置-緯度/經(jīng)度）組成。但在這個(gè)系統(tǒng)中，我們只使用GGA。系統(tǒng)流程圖如下所示：

具體代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)：

/***** 獲取電壓值函數(shù) *****/
static float GetVoltage(void)
{
    unsigned int ret;
    unsigned short data;


    ret = AdcRead(WIFI_IOT_ADC_CHANNEL_5, &data, WIFI_IOT_ADC_EQU_MODEL_8, WIFI_IOT_ADC_CUR_BAIS_DEFAULT, 0xff);
    if (ret != WIFI_IOT_SUCCESS)
    {
        printf("ADC Read Fail
");
    }


    return (float)data * 1.8 * 4 / 4096.0;
}


/* input:AT+CGNSINF Command Response
* output:struct GGPS_DATA
*/
static void GPS_CGNSINF_Analyze(char *origin, GGPS_DATA *gpsdata)
{
    int counter = 0;
    char tmp[150] = {0};
    char *lptr = NULL;
    char *localptr = NULL;


    lptr = (char *)strstr(origin, "+CGNSINF");
    if (lptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    } else {
        lptr += 10;
    }

    while (*lptr != '')
    {
        if (*lptr == ',' && *(lptr + 1) == ',')
        {
            tmp[counter] = *lptr;
            counter++;
            tmp[counter] = '0';
        } else if (*lptr == '
' && *(lptr + 1) == '
' && counter < 148)
        {
            tmp[counter] = '0';
            tmp[counter + 1] = ',';
            tmp[counter + 2] = 0;
            break;
        } else {
            tmp[counter] = *lptr;
        }
        lptr++;
        counter++;


        /* avoid array out of range */
        if (counter >= GNSINF_MSG_MAX_LEN){
            return;
        }


    }
    /* Clear struct data */
    memset(gpsdata, 0, sizeof( GGPS_DATA));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(tmp, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->GNSSrunstatus, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->GNSSrunstatus));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Fixstatus, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Fixstatus));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->UTCdatetime, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->UTCdatetime));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->latitude, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->latitude));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->logitude, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->logitude));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->altitude, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->altitude));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->speedOTG, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->speedOTG));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->course, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->course));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->fixmode, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->fixmode));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Reserved1, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Reserved1));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->HDOP, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->HDOP));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->PDOP, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->PDOP));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->VDOP, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->VDOP));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Reserved2, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Reserved2));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->satellitesinview, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->satellitesinview));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->GNSSsatellitesused, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->GNSSrunstatus));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->GLONASSsatellitesused, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->GLONASSsatellitesused));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->Reserved3, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->Reserved3));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->CN0max, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->CN0max));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, ",");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->HPA, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->HPA));


    localptr = (char *)strtok(NULL, "
");
    if (localptr == NULL)
    {
        return;
    }
    strncpy(gpsdata->VPA, localptr, sizeof(gpsdata->VPA));
}


static void GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage(void)
{
    if (strstr(g_uart_buff, "RING") != NULL)
    {
        printf("ring.
");
        if (GsmGetConnectSts() == false)
        {
            GsmSetRingSts(true);
        }
    }
    if (strstr(g_uart_buff, "NO CARRIER") != NULL)
    {
        printf("hang up.
");


        GsmSetHungUpSts(true);


        if (GsmGetConnectSts() == true)
        {
            GsmSetConnectSts(false);
        }
    }
}


static uint32_t GsmSendCmd(char *cmd, int len)
{
    if (cmd == NULL || len <= 0)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    uint32_t ret = HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    static uint32_t count = 0;
    uint8_t *uart_buff_ptr = g_uart_buff;


    ret = hi_uart_write(DEMO_UART_NUM, (hi_u8 *)cmd, len);
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
    printf(" SendData%d,cmd:%s.
", len, cmd);


    while (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        count++;
        if (count > UART_WAIT_COUNT_MAX)
        {
            break;
        }


    }


    if (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        printf("GsmSendCmd hi_uart_read busy return");
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
    if (!g_uartController.isReadBusy){
        usleep(100000); /* sleep 100ms */
    }


    g_uartController.isReadBusy = true;
    g_ReceivedDatalen = hi_uart_read(DEMO_UART_NUM, uart_buff_ptr, UART_BUFF_SIZE);


    if (g_ReceivedDatalen > 0)
    {
        printf(" rcvData len:%d,msg:%s.
", g_ReceivedDatalen, g_uart_buff);
        if (strstr(g_uart_buff, "OK") != NULL)
        {
            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();
            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
            return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
        }
        else
        {
            printf(" received error cmd
");
            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();
            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
            return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
        printf(" SendCmd no cmd return!
");
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
}




uint32_t GpsGetLocation(GGPS_INFO *gpsInfo)
{
    uint32_t ret = HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    static uint32_t count = 0;
    uint8_t *uart_buff_ptr = g_uart_buff;


    ret = hi_uart_write(DEMO_UART_NUM, (hi_u8 *)"AT+CGNSINF
", strlen("AT+CGNSINF
"));
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return NULL;
    }


    while (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        count++;
        if (count > UART_WAIT_COUNT_MAX)
        {
            break;
        }
        usleep(100000); /* sleep 100ms */
    }


    if (g_uartController.isReadBusy)
    {
        printf("GpsGetLocation hi_uart_read busy return");
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }else{
        usleep(100000); /* sleep 100ms */
    }


    g_uartController.isReadBusy = true;
    g_ReceivedDatalen = hi_uart_read(DEMO_UART_NUM, uart_buff_ptr, UART_BUFF_SIZE);


    if (g_ReceivedDatalen > 0)
    {
        printf(" rcvData len:%d,msg:%s.
", g_ReceivedDatalen, g_uart_buff);


        uint8_t *strLocation = (uint8_t *)strstr(g_uart_buff, "+CGNSINF: 1,1");


        if (strLocation != NULL)
        {
            GGPS_DATA gpsData;
            GPS_CGNSINF_Analyze((char *)g_uart_buff, &gpsData);


            printf("latitude:%s.
", gpsData.latitude);
            printf("logitude:%s.
", gpsData.logitude);


            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->UTCdatetime, sizeof(gpsInfo->UTCdatetime), gpsData.UTCdatetime, sizeof(gpsData.UTCdatetime));
            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->logitude, sizeof(gpsInfo->logitude), gpsData.logitude, sizeof(gpsData.logitude));
            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->latitude, sizeof(gpsInfo->latitude), gpsData.latitude, sizeof(gpsData.latitude));
            memcpy_s(gpsInfo->satellitesinview, sizeof(gpsInfo->satellitesinview), gpsData.satellitesinview, sizeof(gpsData.satellitesinview));


            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();


            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;


            return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
        } else {
            GsmCheckRingAndHanupMessage();
            memset(g_uart_buff, 0, sizeof(g_uart_buff));
            g_ReceivedDatalen = 0;
            g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;
            return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
        }
    } else {
        printf(" SendCmd no cmd return!
");
        g_uartController.isReadBusy = false;


        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
}


uint32_t GsmCallCellPhone(char *cellPhoneNumeber)
{
    uint32_t ret = HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    char sendCmd[32] = "";
    uint8_t cPhoneNumLength = strlen(cellPhoneNumeber);


    if (cPhoneNumLength < PHONE_NUMB_LEN)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    /* Send AT+CSQ. */
    strncpy(sendCmd, "AT+CSQ
", strlen("AT+CSQ
"));
    printf(" sendCmd=%s
", sendCmd);
    ret = GsmSendCmd(sendCmd, strlen(sendCmd));
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }
    memset(sendCmd, 0, strlen(sendCmd));


    /* Call cellPhone Number:ATD+cellPhoneNumber. */
    snprintf(sendCmd, sizeof(sendCmd), "ATD%s;
", cellPhoneNumeber);
    printf(" sendCmd=%s
", sendCmd);
    ret = GsmSendCmd(sendCmd, strlen(sendCmd));
    if (ret == HI_ERR_FAILURE)
    {
        return HI_ERR_FAILURE;
    }


    return HI_ERR_SUCCESS;
}

未完待續(xù)……

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